Tackling loss aversion with Milliman

Most people wouldn’t choose to set up a financial planning business during the global financial crisis. But financial planner Derek Fitzgerald lives the advice he gives clients: it’s time in the market, not timing the market.

“For most people working in financial planning nowadays, the GFC is your worst case scenario,” Fitzgerald, who works at Power2 in Mackay, Queensland, says. “That's what we always reference back to with our advice and model for clients: if another GFC hit tomorrow, this is how you would fare.”

The GFC, which struck in late-2007, halved the value of many major equity markets including the S&P/ASX 200. Even diversified funds weren’t spared. The median superannuation balanced option fell 18.5% over the six-month period between September 2008 to February 2009 according to SuperRatings.

Fitzgerald says it has a major impact on the psyche of investors.

“No one ever complains about getting 8% when they could have got 10%, but they certainly complain about getting negative 10% when a more conservative approach would have lost them a lot less,” he says. “So the upside and downside feelings for clients don't follow a linear relationship.”

This is loss aversion: the way average people feel the pain of losses far more than the pleasure of gains. Older investors who have reached their maximum savings and so have little leeway to weather a market downturn, are particularly loss averse.

But even some younger investors are prone to loss aversion. The ASX Australian Investor Study 2017, which surveyed 4,000 Australian residents, found that four in five young investors (81%) wanted guaranteed or stable investment returns.

A 2007 US study of older investors revealed a more typical result: it found that half of retirees were unwilling to take a 50% chance of losing as little as $10 in exchange for a 50% chance of winning $100. Clearly, the fear of losses hurts more than the pleasure of gains.

Fitzgerald says the majority of his clients are also approaching retirement.

“The biggest questions are when can I retire, how much can I spend and when am I going to run out of money? A big part of our businesses, is ascertaining the answers to those questions and if the answer is not great, trying to put strategies in place to make those answers a little bit more comforting.”

The answers are not simple and, making it more complex, older investors are often flooded with complex and contradictory information about retirement. Fitzgerald says a lot of the time, clients are worried that they will “lose it all”.

“Statistically, that’s very unlikely unless you have a lot of debt involved. We try to bring that conversation back to ‘you're not going to lose it all but what if it the stock market halves like it did in the GFC?’

“There are two answers to that. One is an asset allocation decision: how much risk to take on? The other is how much risk do we take on within the equity exposure itself – this is where the Milliman strategy comes into play.”

Milliman’s risk overlay allows investors to retain the benefits of potentially higher growth from equities while dampening volatility and providing some protection against capital losses.

The overlay uses exchange-traded futures, which are traded following a rules-based system in direct response to market conditions. When market conditions are more volatile, the level of protection rises, and when markets are benign, the level of protection rises.

This also has the added benefit of helping investors stay the course when market conditions deteriorate. Many investors eventually succumb to poor market conditions and the accompanying media headlines, withdrawing their investments at the worst possible time.

That type of investor behaviour – poor market timing – is largely the reason why the average US investor’s mutual fund return trailed the average mutual fund by an annualized 137 basis points over the past 10 years (5.53% versus 6.90%), according to a recent Morningstar report.

“While the Milliman products in a rising market will give you a lesser return than the naked stock market will, just because of the additional cost there, it's still significantly better than cash and term deposits,” Fitzgerald says.

“We figure that giving up 0.5% or 1% on the upswing in the market is a small price to pay for keeping clients invested throughout the full duration of the market.”

Milliman recently launched the SmartShield range of Managed Accounts’, designed to provide direct protection against market downturns.

For more information go to: https://advice.milliman.com/en/smartshield

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